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1.1 \u72ec\u7acb\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u201c\u513f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u53d8\u97f3\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.3 \u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u53d8\u97f3\u5e76\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u8302\u540d\u5404\u5730\u5c0f\u79f0\u7c7b\u578b\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u770b\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u548c\u53d8\u97f3\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u53c2\u5dee\u6027\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u800c\u5171\u65f6\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6b63\u9690\u542b\u7740\u5386\u65f6\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u6f14\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u5230\u53d8\u97f3\uff0c\u8bed\u97f3\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5272\u88c2\u3001\u6beb\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u666e\u904d\u97f3\u611f(\u9664\u7535\u767d\u4ee5\u5916)\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u53d1\u97f3\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53d8\u97f3\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u5feb\u8bfb\u800c\u5408\u5230\u524d\u9762\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u8bcd\u5c3e\u201c\u513f\u201d\u7684\u9f3b\u97f3\u58f0\u6bcd\u9644\u7740\u5230\u524d\u9762\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u626c\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u53d8\u97f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u6211\u57281994\u5e74\u505a\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u97f3\u6ca1\u6709\u6e0a\u6e90\u7684\u8054\u7cfb(\u90b5\u6167\u541b1994)\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53d1\u6398\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6709\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u7ca4\u897f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u53d8\u97f3\u5b9e\u9645\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u5230\u513f\u5316\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u201c\u513f\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u8bfb\u97f3\u4e3a\u9f3b\u97f3\u58f0\u6bcd\u5e26\u820c\u9762\u524d\u9ad8\u5143\u97f3\uff0c\u58f0\u8c03\u4e3a\u9ad8\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u4eca\u7ca4\u897f\u5730\u533a\u4ecd\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u8bcd\u5c3e\u201c\u513f\u201d\uff0c\u8bfb\u97f3\u662f\u4e2a\u81ea\u6210\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u9f3b\u97f3[n\u0329]\u6216[\u014b\u030d]\uff0c\u9ad8\u8c03\uff0c\u5982\u5316\u5dde\u8001\u6d3e\u97f3\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5316\u5dde\u8bdd\u8bfb\u5355\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u513f\u4e8c\u800c\u8033\u201d\u7b49\u65e5\u6bcd\u6b62\u5f00\u4e09\u7b49\u5b57\u5747\u8bfb[\u0235i]\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u201c\u513f\u201d\u4f5c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u8868\u5c0f\u79f0\u65f6\u624d\u8bfb[n\u0329](\u5c11\u6570\u8bfb[\u014b\u030d])\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8bed\u6d41\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u8bfb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5e72\u8106\u5c06\u72ec\u7acb\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u7b80\u7701\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u5176\u9f3b\u97f3\u58f0\u6bcd\u5408\u5230\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u4e2d\u53bb\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u666e\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u513f\u5316\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u628a\u5177\u6709\u533a\u522b\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5377\u820c\u97f3\u8272\u9644\u7740\u5230\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u662f\u5355\u5143\u97f3\u97f5\u6bcd\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5143\u97f3\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a\u9f3b\u97f3[n]\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5165\u58f0\uff0c\u5219\u628a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u585e\u97f3\u97f5\u5c3e\u6539\u6362\u6210\u540c\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u9f3b\u97f3\u97f5\u5c3e\uff1b\u81f3\u4e8e\u539f\u590d\u5143\u97f3\u97f5\u6bcd\u548c\u5e26\u9f3b\u97f3\u97f5\u6bcd\u4e3a\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u97f3\u7406\u4e0a\u4e5f\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u590d\u5408\u5143\u97f3\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u4e2a\u52a8\u7a0b\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u9f3b\u5c3e\u8f83\u8d39\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u9633\u58f0\u97f5\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6709\u9f3b\u5c3e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8d58\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u5e76\u975e\u5fc5\u7ecf\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u8a00\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u513f\u5316\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5316\u5dde\u8bdd\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4ece\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u7b80\u7701\u5230\u513f\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0e\u5357\u90e8\u5434\u8bed\u7684\u513f\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 \u5c0f\u79f0\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u53ca\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6269\u5927<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u513f\u201d\u539f\u672c\u662f\u5b9e\u8bcd\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u540e\u4ee3\u3001\u5b50\u5973\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u9010\u6e10\u865a\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u79f0\u8bcd\u5c3e\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4e3b\u8981\u9650\u4e8e\u540d\u7269\u7c7b\u8bcd\uff0c\u6307\u79f0\u5c0f\u3001\u5c11\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u7279\u6307\u4e49(\u6307\u522b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u7269)\u6216\u611f\u60c5\u8272\u5f69(\u6635\u79f0\u3001\u8c26\u79f0\u3001\u8511\u79f0\u7b49)\u3002\u8302\u540d\u3001\u5316\u5dde\u3001\u9ad8\u5dde\u3001\u7535\u767d\u7b49\u5730\u5c0f\u79f0\u4ecd\u4ee5\u540d\u7269\u7c7b\u8bcd\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u865a\u5316\uff0c\u5c0f\u79f0\u8303\u7574\u4e0d\u65ad\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u7c7b\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u51cf\u8f7b\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u8f7b\u5fae\u6216\u77ed\u6682\u3001\u8bed\u6c14\u7f13\u548c\u7b49\u8bed\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4fe1\u5b9c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0e\u7ca4\u897f\u63a5\u58e4\u7684\u5e7f\u897f\u52fe\u6f0f\u7247\u7ca4\u8bed\u5982\u7389\u6797\u3001\u5bb9\u53bf\u3001\u85e4\u53bf\u3001\u6842\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u8a00\u4e2d\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u97f3\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u8bcd\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u53d8\u97f3\u662f\u513f\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201c\u513f\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u7c7b\u8bcd\u5c3e\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4f55\u975e\u540d\u8bcd\u7c7b\u8bcd\u4e5f\u80fd\u7528\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8bcd\u201c\u513f\u201d\u7684\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5148\u51b3\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u513f\u201d\u8bcd\u4e49\u865a\u5316\u5e76\u4f34\u968f\u8bed\u97f3\u4e0a\u7684\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9010\u6e10\u6446\u8131\u5b9e\u8bcd\u201c\u513f\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\uff0c\u51dd\u56fa\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u5c0f\u79f0\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6807\u5fd7\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ee4\u5c0f\u79f0\u8303\u7574\u4e0d\u65ad\u5411\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u7c7b\u6269\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c1 \u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u53d8\u8c03\u5173\u7cfb\u518d\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.1 \u867d\u7136\u6211\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u53d8\u97f3\u7531\u513f\u5316\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6765\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u97f3\u4e0e\u7ca4\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u7c7b\u578b(\u5373\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u53d8\u8c03)\u5e76\u65e0\u6e0a\u6e90\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b66\u8005\u64b0\u6587\u8bba\u8bc1\u7ca4\u8bed\u4ece\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u5230\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\u5230\u53d8\u8c03\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e(\u0235i\u2192n\u0329\/\u014b\u030d)\u2192\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3(\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u9644\u7740\u9f3b\u5c3e+\u9ad8\u626c\u8c03)\u2192\u7eaf\u7cb9\u53d8\u8c03(\u9ad8\u5e73\u6216\u9ad8\u5347)\u3002\u8302\u540d\u5404\u5730\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u80fd\u5370\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5316\u5dde(\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e3a\u4e3b)\u2192\u8302\u540d\u3001\u9ad8\u5dde(“\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u3001\u53d8\u97f3\u517c\u6709)\u2192\u4fe1\u5b9c(\u53d8\u97f3\u4e3a\u4e3b)\u2192\u7535\u767d(\u53d8\u8c03)\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u7ebf\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bfc\u51fa\u53d8\u8c03\u7531\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u800c\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6050\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u6096\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u63a8\u800c\u5e7f\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c06\u8302\u540d\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5c0f\u79f0\u89c6\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7ca4\u8bed\u533a\u7684\u901a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u5931\u4e4b\u504f\u9887\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3280\u7535\u767d\u7684\u53d8\u8c03\u5728\u8302\u540d\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5c0f\u79f0\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5177\u5178\u578b\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002\u7ca4\u8bed\u5728\u7535\u767d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f31\u52bf\u65b9\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5f3a\u52bf\u65b9\u8a00(\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u8302\u540d\u5e02\u533a\u8bdd\u548c\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd)\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u6447\u6446\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u50cf\u201c\u5200\u513f\/\u5200\u4ed4\u3001\u9e21\u513f\/\u9e21\u4ed4\u201d(\u89c11.3\u3283)\u5e76\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u8a00\u53d8\u97f3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u8bcd\u6839\u97f3\u8282\u662f\u5355\u5143\u97f3\u97f5\u6bcd\u6216\u5165\u58f0\u97f5\u7684\u5c31\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be\u65ad\u5b9a\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u53d8\u8c03\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u5176\u97f3\u53d8\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5b9c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u50cf\u5e7f\u897f\u7684\u7389\u6797\u65b9\u8a00\uff0c\u53d8\u97f3\u5c31\u4ee5\u53d8\u8c03\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5b83\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5165\u58f0\u97f3\u8282\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u628a\u585e\u97f3\u97f5\u5c3e\u53d8\u6362\u6210\u540c\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u9f3b\u97f3\u97f5\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3281\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u7eaf\u7cb9\u53d8\u8c03\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u3002\u7ca4\u8bed\u4e2d\u7eaf\u7cb9\u53d8\u8c03\u7684\u5c0f\u79f0\u4ee5\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u7684\u9ad8\u5e73[\u02e5]55\u548c\u9ad8\u5347[\u02e7\u02e5]35\u53d8\u8c03\u6700\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u5f20\u65e5\u5347(1969)\u3001\u9ea6\u8018(1990\uff0c1991\uff0c1995)\u90fd\u66fe\u6709\u8be6\u5c3d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5176\u5b83\u8fd8\u6709\u987a\u5fb7(\u6797\u67cf\u677e1990)\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u5c0f\u6984(\u90d1\u4f1f\u806a1990)\u3001\u56db\u9091(\u7518\u4e8e\u60692002\u30012003)\u7b49\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u5747\u65e0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7ca4\u897f\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u6216\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u8bcd\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e5e\u513f\uff08\u4e5e\u4e10\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5b64\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u8c03\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u7ca4\u897f\u8302\u540d\u5730\u533a\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u8a00\u4e2d\u5e94\u8be5\u7559\u4e0b\u86db\u4e1d\u9a6c\u8ff9\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ca4\u8bed\u4e2d\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u6216\u513f\u5316\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e24\u5e7f\u4ea4\u754c\u4e00\u5e26\uff0c\u5373\u8302\u540d\u5730\u533a\u548c\u52fe\u6f0f\u7247\u7ca4\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u7eaf\u7cb9\u53d8\u8c03\u5730\u533a\u6ca1\u6709\u5730\u57df\u4e0a\u7684\u8fde\u7ef5\u6027\u3002\u800c\u5434\u8bed\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u53d8\u97f3\u3001\u53d8\u8c03\u96c6\u4e2d\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6216\u8005\u6bd4\u90bb\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u65b9\u5171\u73b0\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u5e38\u5bc6\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3282\u8bcd\u6c47\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ca4\u897f\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u6216\u513f\u5316\u53d8\u97f3\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5dde\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u8c03\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u5206\u5e03\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5e94\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u4e86\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u53d8\u8c03\u8868\u7a0b\u5ea6\u51cf\u8f7b(\u201c\u5481\uff08\u8fd9\u4e48\uff09\u201d+\u5f62)\u5404\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u81f4\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5219\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u53d8\u8c03\u7684\u7ca4\u897f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d8\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u7ca4\u897f\u53d8\u97f3\u7684\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d8\u8c03\u3002\u5982\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u53d8\u8c03\u7684\u201c\u886b\u5939\uff5c\u6728\u5de5\u5228\uff5c\u7259\u5237\uff5c\u6795\u8089\uff5c\u5357\u534e\u674e\uff5c\u9e21\u86cb\uff5c\u70e7\u9e2d\uff5c\u6c99\u7530\u67da\u201d\u7b49\u7ca4\u897f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u53d8\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u7ca4\u897f\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d8\u97f3\u7684\u201c\u9e21k\u0250i\u2191\uff5c\u732at\u0283in\u2191\uff5c\u725b\u014b\u0250u\u2191\uff5c\u6302\uff08\u56f4\u5634\u513f\uff09kuan\u2191\uff5c\u811a\uff08\u811a\u8dbe\uff09kia\u014b\u2191\uff5c\u7ec6\u4facnu\u014b\u2191\uff5c\u4e9a\u867e\uff08\u5a74\u513f\uff09han\u2191\uff5c\u5370\uff08\u56fe\u7ae0\uff09j\u0250n\u2191\uff5c\u7b14\u7b52\uff08\u7b14\u5957\u513f\uff09t\u2019u\u014b\u2191\u201d\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bdd\u5219\u5f88\u5c11\u53d8\u8c03\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u4e0e\u53d8\u8c03\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u65e0\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u5206\u5e03\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u51fa\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 \u65e2\u7136\u7ca4\u897f\u5730\u533a\u7684\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u3001\u513f\u5316\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5dde\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u53d8\u8c03\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ca4\u897f\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u97f3\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u626c\u8c03\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u65e2\u7136\u7ca4\u897f\u5730\u533a\u5c0f\u79f0\u7684\u9ad8\u626c\u53d8\u8c03\u4e0e\u513f\u5316\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3a\u4f55\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0e\u5434\u8bed\u7684\u513f\u5316\u5c5e\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u513f\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u53d8\u8c03\uff1f\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u7ca4\u897f\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u8c03\u4e0e\u201c\u513f\u201d\u5c3e\u3001\u513f\u5316\u53e0\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c31\u6574\u4e2a\u7ca4\u8bed\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c0f\u79f0\u53d8\u8c03\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u513f\u5316\u662f\u80fd\u8bf4\u5f97\u901a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8086 \u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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